Reviews


Making Money Freelance Writing. From the editors of Writer's Digest Magazine, Writer's Digest Books, Cincinnati, OH. 304 pages. $19.99.

You don't have to be a writer or editor to find this book useful. It's about the business of writing, not how to write snappy stories. If you're interested in doing almost anything as a freelancer-producing videos, designing web sites, photography or being a technology consultant-you'll find plenty of tips in Making Money Freelance Writing. And that goes for anything from making a few extra dollars of second income to going to full-time freelancing.

The book is a compilation of 37 articles organized into three sections: Conducting the Freelance Business, Freelance Opportunities, and The Freelancer's Life-style. Particularly generic to all types of freelance work is the first section on how to conduct a freelance business. There's a good chapter about marketing yourself and your business called "The Service Edge," by Dick Schaaf. He says there's no better competitive edge these days than superior customer service (the customer being the editor or whoever you're working for). "If you're writing to make money, you must become a business too. It isn't hard, but it is work. The rules are the same for freelancers as for Marriott Hotels, FedEx or L.L. Bean: Take care of your customers and they'll take care of you."

He goes on to talk about the importance of long-term relationships for freelancers (it costs five times as much to attract a new customer as to keep one you already have). Some of the other tips may sound like Marketing 101, but they work: listen, understand and respond to the customer; define superior service and establish a service strategy; and set standards and measure performance. Playing "The Contacts Game," per the title of another chapter, can be intimidating. But contacts can include friends and acquaintances. Playing the contacts game is simply relating to people, telling them what you do and asking them what they do.

There are chapters on Stalking the Business Client, Care and Feeding of Clients, How to Set Your Rates, Five Strategies for Beating the Tax Man, and The Art of Negotiation. About negotiating: Everything is negotiable-money, rights, deadlines, expenses, payment schedules and editing. You're probably making a mistake if you're working for the same rate now as when you started freelancing. Beginners should take whatever terms are offered, but continuing the practice after breaking in is like turning down raises. Have you ever turned down a raise?

John M. (Jack) Sperbeck
University of Minnesota


Web-Based Instruction. Badrul H. Khan, ed., Educational Technology Publications, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey 1997. ISBN 0-87778-297-0. 463 pages. $59.95 soft cover.

Distance education is a hot topic on many university campuses today, and one of the fastest growing areas within that discipline is the delivery of instruction and training via the Web. Web-based instruction (WBI) has taken many forms, from the simple posting of a syllabus to a full-fledged delivery of course materials including instructor/student interaction and online evaluation. A dedicated Web surfer can find many examples of WBI, but until recently reference material in print has been rare.

While developing a graduate course in educational technology focusing on WBI in 1996, Badrul Khan of the University of Texas at Brownsville found a lack of centralized information on the subject. With the encouragement of several colleagues, he began to compile information and solicit contributions for a manuscript that eventually became this book. Khan divides the work into five sections: introduction to Web-based instruction; Web-based learning environments and critical issues; designing Web-based instruction; delivering Web-based instruction; and case studies of Web-based courses. Over 90 authors from educational institutions in the U.S., Canada, England, Australia, Germany, Italy and the Netherlands contribute chapters concerning their various specialties. Assisting the reader's comprehension and helping to keep the 400 plus pages from becoming soporific are a number of tables, diagrams, illustrations and 'snapshots' of Web pages.

The subject matter appeals to a wide range of interests, ranging as it does from pedagogical discussions to production tips to listings of useful Web sites. Fair use and other copyright issues are addressed, and I found some of the best material I've seen on formative and summative evaluation of Web-based courses. Web-based conferencing systems for the development of on-line courses also find mention in the book, including the Virtual-U Education System (http://kochab.cs.sfu.ca:8000) and Web Course in a Box (http://madduck.mmd.vcu.edu/wcb/wcb.html.) Other topics include student motivation, faculty incentives, faculty and staff training, and interactivity. Practicing what it preaches, the book provides Web site addresses and e-mail addresses along with traditional references at the end of most chapters. Faculty members, instructional designers, computer and media specialists and other support personnel should find this book to be a valuable resource in planning distance education projects over the Web.

Ron Thomas
University of Florida